Seismic isolation bearings are the core components of building seismic isolation systems, which simultaneously feature vertical load-bearing capacity and horizontal flexible deformation performance. They can cut off the transmission path of seismic energy to the superstructure and are widely used in construction, bridges, industrial equipment and other fields. Different types of seismic isolation bearings are significantly suitable for different scenarios, with specific applications as follows:
I. Construction Engineering Field: The Seismic Core of Civil and Industrial Buildings
This is the most mainstream application scenario of seismic isolation bearings, with the core goal of protecting the safety of the superstructure and the stable operation of indoor equipment.
Suitable Bearing Types: Lead-rubber seismic isolation bearings, high-damping rubber seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Hospitals, schools, emergency command centers and nursing homes in seismic zones of intensity 8 and above. These buildings are crucial to post-disaster rescue and personnel safety. Seismic isolation bearings can reduce the seismic acceleration of the superstructure by 60%-90%, ensuring the normal operation of operating room equipment and teaching facilities during earthquakes and avoiding building collapse.
Application Advantages: The superstructure suffers almost no damage after an earthquake and can be quickly restored to use, greatly reducing post-disaster repair costs.
Suitable Bearing Types: Laminated rubber seismic isolation bearings, magnetorheological intelligent seismic isolation bearings (for high-end scenarios)
Specific Scenarios: Chip factories, semiconductor workshops, data centers, laboratories and military industrial production bases. These scenarios are extremely sensitive to vibration. Seismic isolation bearings can effectively isolate seismic micro-vibrations and prevent precision equipment such as lithography machines and servers from shifting, losing accuracy or crashing.
Suitable Bearing Types: Ultra-thin rubber seismic isolation bearings, customized flexible seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Seismic retrofitting of ancient buildings, temples, ancient city walls and historical dwellings. Traditional reinforcement methods will damage the original appearance of the buildings. Seismic isolation bearings can be minimally invasively installed at the bottom of the buildings, buffering seismic forces through flexible deformation, which not only protects the structural integrity of cultural relics but also achieves seismic protection.
Suitable Bearing Types: Friction pendulum seismic isolation bearings, elastic sliding plate seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Convention and exhibition centers, gymnasiums, high-speed railway station buildings and airport terminals. These buildings have large spans and weak stiffness and are prone to resonance with seismic waves. Friction pendulum bearings can dissipate energy through sliding friction on the sliding surface, extend the natural vibration period of the buildings and avoid resonance damage.
II. Bridge Engineering Field: Ensuring the Safety of Transportation Lifelines
Bridge seismic isolation bearings need to bear vertical loads, vehicle impacts and seismic effects simultaneously, requiring higher durability.
Suitable Bearing Types: Bridge-specific pot-type seismic isolation bearings, spherical seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Expressway bridges, high-speed railway bridges and urban overpasses. During an earthquake, the bearings allow controlled horizontal displacement between the bridge girders and piers, preventing the girders from falling and the piers from breaking, and ensuring the smoothness of transportation lifelines after the earthquake.
Special Requirements: Bearings for high-speed railway bridges need to additionally meet the requirement of low friction coefficient to avoid excessive displacement of the girders when trains are running.
Suitable Bearing Types: Combined system of lead-rubber seismic isolation bearings and dampers
Specific Scenarios: Cross-sea bridges and bridges in mountainous areas with high seismic intensity. These bridges are affected by sea breeze corrosion and complex geological conditions. Seismic isolation bearings need to have corrosion resistance and high deformation capacity. Combined dampers can further dissipate seismic energy and improve seismic stability.
III. Industrial Equipment and Special Equipment Field: Precision Seismic Isolation Protection
For the seismic isolation needs of heavy machinery and precision instruments, it is necessary to select miniaturized and highly adaptable seismic isolation bearings.
Suitable Bearing Types: Spring seismic isolation bearings, air spring seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Foundation seismic isolation of generators, compressors, centrifuges and metallurgical equipment. They can not only isolate the impact of external earthquakes on the equipment but also reduce the interference of equipment operation vibration on the surrounding environment, preventing equipment bolt loosening and structural fatigue damage.
Suitable Bearing Types: Integrated seismic and isolation bearings, corrosion-resistant seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Nuclear power plant reactors, photovoltaic power station brackets, energy storage power station equipment rooms and wind turbine tower foundations. These facilities are of high value and are related to energy security. Seismic isolation bearings can prevent major accidents such as nuclear leakage and battery fires caused by earthquakes. Bearings used in nuclear power plants need to pass strict nuclear safety certification.
Suitable Bearing Types: Micro rubber seismic isolation bearings, piezoelectric ceramic intelligent seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Base seismic isolation of hospital CT machines, MRI nuclear magnetic resonance equipment and surgical robots. They can offset tiny ground vibrations, ensure the imaging accuracy of the equipment and the stability of surgeries, and maintain the normal operation of the equipment even in the event of a minor earthquake.
IV. Municipal and Infrastructure Field: Protection of Urban Lifelines
Suitable Bearing Types: Shield tunnel-specific isolation pads, joint seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Urban comprehensive pipe galleries, subway tunnels and river-crossing tunnels. Reduce the deformation of pipe galleries and the cracking of tunnel joints during earthquakes, ensuring the safety of lifeline pipelines such as water supply, power supply and communication.
Suitable Bearing Types: Special seismic isolation bearings for storage tank bottoms, annular rubber seismic isolation bearings
Specific Scenarios: Oil storage tanks, chemical raw material storage tanks, communication towers and transmission towers. Prevent the overturning of storage tanks and the leakage of media during earthquakes, avoiding secondary disasters such as fires and explosions.