The types of seismic isolation products for bridges mainly include the following:
Rubber seismic isolation bearings: This is one of the most common seismic isolation devices for bridges. Rubber seismic isolation bearings use high-quality rubber as the seismic isolation medium, have good seismic isolation effect, can effectively reduce bridge vibration and extend the service life of the bridge. According to the manufacturing process, they can be divided into natural rubber seismic isolation bearings (lead-free type GZP/LNR), lead rubber seismic isolation bearings (lead type LRB/GZY) and high damping rubber bearings (HDR).
Spherical seismic isolation bearings: Spherical seismic isolation gaskets are used, which are highly adjustable and can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the bridge. Spherical seismic isolation bearings also have good vertical and horizontal stiffness, which can effectively isolate the vibration of the bridge and improve the dynamic characteristics of the bridge.
Pendulum seismic isolation bearings: This is a new type of seismic isolation device that uses a pendulum as the seismic isolation medium, which can effectively reduce the vibration of the bridge and has good durability and reliability.
Liquid damper: Using liquid as the seismic isolation medium, it has good damping performance, can effectively absorb the energy of the bridge and reduce the vibration of the bridge. Liquid dampers are widely used in highways, railways and other fields.
Viscous damper: Including viscous damper (VFD), buckling restrained brace (BRB), viscous damping wall (VFW), viscoelastic damper (VED), etc. These dampers dissipate seismic energy through viscous fluid or elastic material to reduce the vibration of the bridge.
Friction pendulum bearing: It isolates seismic energy through the friction principle and has a good seismic isolation effect.
Elastic sliding plate bearing: It reduces the impact of earthquakes on bridges through the sliding mechanism.